热泳在纳米流体的强化传热中具有重要意义。最近，热泳技术与微流体技术的结合为纳米颗粒的积累、自脉冲、微尺度涡轮机、DNA操作、癌症检测和卷积神经网络等领域提供了一个高效的工具。本文以水溶液中单个带电椭球形胶体颗粒为研究对象，通过理论推导和数值模拟的方法描述了在热导率效应的影响下，不同带电性质的椭球体颗粒在水溶液中的热泳。参数化分析得到了在热导率效应的影响下，热扩散系数与颗粒形状、双电层(EDL)厚度以及不同带电性质的依赖关系，所得结论对操纵椭球体颗粒提供理论指导，且有助于有效实现纳米流体的强化传热。

1）对于固定表面电势的长（扁）椭球体颗粒，在厚度接近短半轴的薄区域内，长椭球体和扁椭球体周围的温度场呈现出非线性分布。当非线性温度区域相对EDL较薄时，椭球状颗粒热扩散系数与热导率效应之间没有明确的依赖关系。当非线性温度区域相对EDL较厚时，椭球状颗粒热扩散系数受热导率效应的影响不可忽略，且热导率效应的影响和热导率比以及长径比有关。对于聚合物椭球体，热扩散系数大于“正常”颗粒，并且随着EDL厚度的减小而逐渐增加至一个恒定值。对于二氧化硅或金属氧化物椭球体，热扩散系数小于“正常”颗粒，并且随着EDL厚度的减小而逐渐减小至一个恒定值。最后，为了预测具有任意热导率、电解质浓度和颗粒形状的椭球状胶体的热扩散系数，推导出了一个参数，即EDL区域内椭球体赤道处的平均无量纲轴向温度梯度，以近似估计具有任意热导率和EDL厚度的带电椭球体颗粒的热泳行为。

2）对于固定表面电荷密度的长（扁）椭球体颗粒，表面电势的分布取决于EDL厚度和颗粒形状。在EDL较厚情况下，颗粒表面电势分布不均匀且最大值分别位于长（扁）椭球体的赤道处（两极）。而EDL较薄情况下，表面电势分布均匀。长（扁）椭球体颗粒的热扩散系数与长径比、EDL厚度的依赖关系和恒定表面电势相比趋势完全不同。当EDL较厚时，长（扁）椭球体在固定表面电荷密度的边界条件下获得的热扩散系数都远大于固定表面电势时的热扩散系数。而当EDL较薄时，结论正好相反。但是与长椭球体不同的是，当长径比足够大时，扁椭球体颗粒的曲率效应对热扩散系数几乎没有影响。当EDL较厚时，热导率效应对长（扁）椭球体的热扩散系数的影响较小。然而，当EDL较薄时，热导率效应较为显著。相比于长椭球体，扁椭球体的热导率效应更加明显，尤其是聚合物椭球体。

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