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中文题名:

 典型包络面数值建模与数控加工方法研究     

姓名:

 刘志    

学号:

 10497111135    

保密级别:

 公开    

论文语种:

 chi    

学科代码:

 080201    

学科名称:

 机械制造及其自动化    

学生类型:

 博士    

学位:

 工学博士    

学校:

 武汉理工大学    

获奖论文:

 校优秀博士学位论文    

院系:

 机电工程学院    

专业:

 机械制造及其自动化    

研究方向:

 CAD/CAM    

第一导师姓名:

 卢红    

第一导师院系:

 武汉理工大学    

完成日期:

 2014-09-10    

答辩日期:

 2014-12-10    

中文关键词:

 

包络面 ; 数值模型 ; 特征 ; 数控加工 ; 算法

    

中文摘要:

包络面因其成型特性,分为一次包络、二次包络及多次包络,其曲面存在特殊的优良性能,包络面零件在航海、航空、能源、工业等领域的应用越来越广泛。为了满足更高性能的应用需求,对包络面零部件的制造精度要求也越来越高。零部件的三维模型是实现其高精度数控制造的必要条件,而因为包络过程的复杂性,导致了其建模困难,由此阻碍了包络面精密数控加工的实现。包络面三维模型的建立方法通常有布尔差运算和数值计算两种方法。布尔运算建模法具有可控性差、且边界条件施加困难等缺陷;而数值计算建模方法有模型精度高、可控性好的优点。本论文重点研究了一次和二次典型包络面的数值建模及其数控加工方法,将其理论上存在的优良特征转移到实际应用中。为了实现这一目标,本文做了以下研究:

建立了一次和二次包络面的数值模型。本文在空间啮合原理、坐标转换矩阵、微分几何学等数学方法的基础上,研究分别以平面和曲面作为产型工具进行数包络面数值建模的方法,并以典型的空间弧面分度凸轮机构和平面二次包络环面蜗杆副为例,论证建立一次包络面和二次包络面的数值模型的方法。

设计了一次和二次包络面复杂数值模型的求解算法。利用本文设计的算法求解包络面复杂的数值模型,得到包络面的特征线。在特征线模型的基础上进行包络面三维实体模型的构建方法研究。包络面的特征线模型和实体模型为后续对它进行数控加工提供了条件基础。同时,设计开发了典型包络面复杂数学模型求解软件,实现了一次和二次典型包络面复杂数学模型的求解。

在三维实体模型基础上实现了一次和二次包络面的数控加工。在包络面加工方面,目前许多工厂因缺乏包络面精准的三维模型而仍采用磨削滚切加工方法,此加工方法因缺乏模型的指导而导致曲面质量较差。本文在构建包络面三维实体模型之后运用等高分层常规走刀数控加工对一次和二次包络面进行了常规数控加工研究,数控加工实验结果显示数控加工的包络面比目前工厂采用的磨削滚切法加工出的包络面的精度要高。

针对包络面的曲面特点提出了基于包络特征的数控加工方法和包络特征识别算法。提出由包络面的特征线驱动数控加工的新方法,区别于常规数控等高分层加工的刀具路径。同时建立了数控机床运动学模型,探究数控加工过程中刀位文件生成机理,为自主编写基于包络特征数控加工的数控代码,实现基于包络特征数控加工打下理论基础。经过对一次和二次包络面的特征数控加工实验,验证了基于包络特征的数控加工方法比常规数控加工方法加工的包络面精度更高。通过加工实例说明,基于包络特征是数控加工方法是进一步提高包络面制造精度的有效手段。

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中图分类号:

 TG659    

馆藏号:

 TG659/B135/2014    

备注:

 403-西院分馆博硕论文库;203-余家头分馆博硕论文库    

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