金橙G是一种典型的偶氮染料，已被普遍应用于食品、医药、印染、纺织和化妆品等行业，具有危险性、毒性和致癌等性质。现有的废水处理方法包括吸附、混凝和膜分离等，但无法高效的从水中去除金橙G，并容易造成二次污染。低温等离子体是一种高级氧化技术，对水中有机物有着显著的降解作用，近年来受到国内外研究者的广泛关注。

本文采用介质阻挡放电（DBD）等离子体技术处理金橙G废水，首先对等离子体降解金橙G的反应条件、处理效果、降解机理开展了试验研究和分析。之后研究了等离子体技术协同高效氧化剂降解金橙G的处理效果和等离子体技术协同g-C₃N₄降解金橙G的处理效果，得到的主要结论如下：

（1）考察了输入电压、金橙G初始浓度、溶液初始pH对金橙G降解效果的影响。结果表明在输入电压为70V，金橙G的降解率达到56.7%，能量产率为0.137g/kWh。在金橙G初始浓度分别为100mg/L、200mg/L和300mg/L时，反应10min后的降解率分别为56.7%、41.8%和31.9%。在酸性（pH=2.95）和碱性（pH=10.87）条件下，金橙G的降解率更高，达到了77.4%和63.7%。同时，研究了DBD/Fe²⁺体系降解金橙G的效果，结果表明在添加0.10mM Fe²⁺后，金橙G的降解率提升至93.6%。DBD/Fe²⁺体系降解金橙G的效果受输入电压、金橙G初始浓度和溶液初始pH的影响。

（2）常见阴离子对等离子体降解金橙G的影响。在反应10min后，Cl^-、SO₄^2-和NO₃^-对单独DBD体系降解金橙G都呈现出抑制作用，并且抑制效果随着阴离子浓度变大而提升，HCO₃^-和PO₄^3-则对单独DBD体系降解金橙G表现出在阴离子低浓度情况下抑制金橙G降解，在高浓度促进金橙G降解的现象。在DBD/Fe²⁺体系中，Cl^-、HCO₃^-、SO₄^2-、NO₃^-和PO₄^3-抑制金橙G的降解。

（3）研究了反应条件对DBD等离子体协同氧化剂降解金橙G的影响。对比分析了DBD/PS、DBD/SPC和DBD/Fe（VI）三个体系降解金橙G的降解效果。结果表明对应的三个体系对金橙G的降解率，由单独的DBD体系的56.7%提升至64.6%、81.7%和96.5%。对应的三个体系的协同因子分别为1.27，1.81和2.94。对应的三个体系的TOC去除率分别可达到26.3%、36.3%和37.2%，比单独DBD体系的TOC去除率提高了10.6%，20.6%和21.5%。研究结果表明反应10min后，DBD/PS体系在输入电压为80V时，最大能量产率为0.162g/kWh；DBD/SPC体系和DBD/Fe（VI）体系在输入电压为70V时，最大能量产率为0.198g/kWh和0.234g/kWh。在DBD/PS体系中较合适的PS投加量为0.15mM；在DBD/SPC体系和DBD/Fe（VI）体系中较合适的SPC和Fe（VI）投加量为0.10mM。在DBD/PS体系中，酸性条件下更有利于金橙G的降解，在酸性（pH=3.27）条件下，反应10min后，金橙G的降解率达到了74.5%；而DBD/SPC体系和DBD/Fe（VI）体系能在较宽pH范围（pH=4-10）对金橙G废水保持稳定的氧化降解效果。

（4）单独DBD体系和DBD/Fe²⁺体系降解路径与机理分析。通过UV-Vis吸收光谱及LC-MS的检测结果推测出12种中间产物，探求DBD/Fe²⁺体系降解金橙G可能的降解路径，结合TOC矿化结果，可知金橙G被降解为小分子物质并最终矿化为CO₂和H₂O。基于以上分析和自由基捕获试验，可以得出单独DBD体系和DBD/ Fe²⁺体系降解金橙G的主要活性物质是•OH。

（5）研究了DBD等离子体协同氧化剂降解金橙G的机理。自由基捕获剂试验表明在DBD/PS体系中，•OH和•SO₄^-负责金橙G的氧化降解，并且•OH是降解过程中的主要自由基；在DBD/SPC体系中，•OH、•CO₃^-、•O₂^-对金橙G的降解均有贡献，其中•OH的贡献最大，•O₂^-最小；在DBD/Fe（VI）体系中，起主要作用的自由基是•OH，也有部分金橙G分子被•O₂^-氧化降解。

（6）研究DBD等离子体协同g-C₃N₄降解金橙G的影响因素和反应机理。通过表征分析得出以硫脲为前驱体制备的g-C₃N₄光催化性能最好。在输入电压为80V时，反应10min后的金橙G降解率达到75.3%，能量产率为0.160g/kWh。g-C₃N₄投加量为0.5g/L时经济效益最好。DBD/g-C₃N₄体系能在较宽pH范围内对金橙G进行氧化降解。此外，制备的g-C₃N₄光催化材料在经历四次重复实验后，表现出较高的稳定性和可重复利用性。自由基捕获剂试验表明在DBD/g-C₃N₄体系中，•OH、•O₂^-和h⁺都对金橙G的降解起作用，其中以•OH和•O₂^-为主。

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