随着水下航行器的发展，水润滑轴承得到了广泛应用。水润滑轴承由于极端工况下产生的摩擦振动会降低水下航行器的隐蔽性和可靠性，且水润滑轴承摩擦振动产生机理尚不明确。因此，开展轴承摩擦振动特征识别研究具有非常重要的工程意义。本文通过试验与仿真对比验证了试验因素对水润滑轴承摩擦振动信号的影响，提出一种基于经验模态分解和时频域分析技术的水润滑轴承摩擦振动特征识别方法，为研究试验因素对轴承摩擦振动的影响提供理论基础。论文主要研究内容与结论如下： （1）开展了水润滑轴承振动特性试验。通过振动和停机试验比较多个轴承的振动特性，分析试验因素对于轴承振动特性的影响，并筛选出摩擦振动试验轴承。结果表明，PA轴承的振动性能最差，且在停机试验中出现摩擦振动现象。 （2）进行了水润滑振动特性有限元仿真分析。根据试验数据建立水润滑轴承有限元仿真模型，通过仿真结果验证试验因素对于轴承摩擦振动的影响。结果表明，摩擦振动信号受到比压与温度影响较大，水润滑轴承仿真结果与试验结果趋势相同。 （3）提出了水润滑轴承摩擦振动特征识别方法。通过对摩擦振动机理进行分析，确定摩擦振动信号，根据摩擦振动信号的非稳态等特性，提出一种基于经验模态分解和时频特性分析的水润滑轴承摩擦振动特征识别方法。结果表明，该方法可以识别摩擦振动特征信号并提取出多个特征值，反映试验因素对于摩擦振动的影响。 （4）开展了水润滑轴承摩擦振动特征识别试验研究。试验研究结果表明，比压和温度均会对试验轴承摩擦振动产生较大影响，流量则对轴承摩擦振动几乎无影响；通过分析标准差，偏度，裕度因子，波形因子的单调变化映射试验轴承发生摩擦振动的特征变化。随着比压的升高，时域中的标准差和偏度逐渐增加，波形因子和裕度因子单调下降；通过对IMF能量，标准差，偏度的拐点和重心频率突增点的判断，得出轴承产生摩擦振动的临界点。

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